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            <div class="post-toc animated"><ol class="nav"><li class="nav-item nav-level-1"><a class="nav-link" href="#netstat"><span class="nav-number">1.</span> <span class="nav-text">netstat</span></a><ol class="nav-child"><li class="nav-item nav-level-3"><a class="nav-link" href="#%E5%85%B3%E9%94%AE%E5%88%97%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8A"><span class="nav-number">1.0.1.</span> <span class="nav-text">关键列解释:</span></a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></div>
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        <h1 id="netstat"><a href="#netstat" class="headerlink" title="netstat"></a>netstat</h1><p>在linux一般使用netstat 来查看系统端口使用情况步。     netstat命令是一个监控TCP&#x2F;IP网络的非常有用的工具，它可以显示路由表、实际的网络连接以及每一个网络接口设备的。</p>
<p><strong>netstat</strong>命令的功能是<strong>显示网络连接、路由表和网络接口信息</strong>，可以让用户得知目前都有<strong>哪些网络连接正在运作</strong>。 </p>
<p>该命令的一般格式为：   </p>
<p>netstat [选项]</p>
<p>命令中各选项的含义如下：  </p>
<p>-a 显示所有socket，包括正在监听的。</p>
<p>-c 每隔1秒就重新显示一遍，直到用户中断它。</p>
<p>-i 显示所有网络接口的信息，格式同“ifconfig -e”。</p>
<p>-n <strong>以网络IP地址代替名称</strong>，显示出网络连接情形。</p>
<p>-r 显示核心路由表，格式同“route -e”。</p>
<p>-t 显示TCP协议的连接情况。</p>
<p>-u 显示UDP协议的连接情况。</p>
<p>-v 显示正在进行的工作。</p>
<p>-p：显示 PID 和程序名；</p>
<h3 id="关键列解释"><a href="#关键列解释" class="headerlink" title="关键列解释:"></a><strong>关键列解释:</strong></h3><ul>
<li>Proto 表示协议类型</li>
<li>LocalAddress 表示本地地址</li>
<li>ForeignAddress 表示对端地址</li>
<li>State 表示状态(对于 TCP 有效, UDP 没有状态概念)</li>
<li>PID&#x2F;Program name 表示对应的进程id和进程名</li>
</ul>
<p>然后用筛选拿到想要的信息。</p>
<p>常用的组合：</p>
<ol>
<li><strong>查看进程名为firefox的连接</strong></li>
</ol>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">netstat -anp | grep firefox</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ol start="2">
<li><strong>查看111端口被那个进程调用</strong></li>
</ol>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">netstat -anp | grep 111</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<ol start="3">
<li><strong>根据连接状态查询</strong></li>
</ol>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">netstat -an | grep LISTEN</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>在这些状态中，我们最常用的就是 LISTEN 和 ESTABLISHED 状态，一种代表正在监听，另一种代表已经连接。</p>
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<p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.oschina.net/translate/10-basic-linux-networking-and-monitoring?print">https://www.oschina.net/translate/10-basic-linux-networking-and-monitoring?print</a></p>
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